Respiration Detecting Means

ABSTRACT

The present application is directed to a detector to detect or generate measuring signals that are indicative of the respiration of a person, wherein said detector can be used advantageously in view of hygiene and stands out due to a simple and robust configuration. According to a first aspect, the detector detects a signal that is indicative of the activity of the respiratory muscles of a person to be examined, the detector comprising a band which, in the application position, is passed around a torso region which widens and narrows when the person to be examined breathes, as well as a structure that is included in the band and loaded in accordance with the narrowing or widening of the torso region. The structure is configured such that it causes a change in the volume of a measuring space device depending on a tensile force. It is thus advantageously possible to detect or measure the forces acting on the band in a non-electric manner and, on the basis of this detection or measurement, draw conclusions relating to the widening or narrowing of the torso.

The present invention is directed to a detecting means for detecting orgenerating measuring signals that are indicative of the respiration of aperson.

It is the object of the present invention to provide a detecting meansfor detecting or generating signals that are indicative of therespiration of a person, wherein said detecting means can be usedadvantageously in view of hygiene and stands out due to a simple androbust configuration.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, this object isachieved by a detecting means for detecting a signal that is indicativeof the activity of the respiratory muscles of a person to be examined,said means comprising a band means which, in the application position,is passed around a torso region which widens and narrows in response tothe respiration of the person to be examined, as well as a structurethat is included in the band means and loaded in accordance with thenarrowing or widening of the torso region, wherein said structure isconfigured such that it causes a change in the volume of a measuringspace means depending on a tensile force.

It is thus advantageously possible to detect or measure the forcesacting on the band means in a non-electric manner and, on the basis ofthis detection or measurement, draw conclusions relating to the wideningor narrowing of the torso.

In accordance with a particularly preferable embodiment of the presentinvention, the structure is configured as a buckle means. Said bucklemeans can be realized like a belt buckle and comprise bracket portionsthrough which the respective end portions of the band means are passed.The buckle means can comprise adjusting means, e.g., clamping means oradjusting eyelets which allow a respective fixing, in particularclamping of the end portions of the band means.

In accordance with a particularly preferable embodiment of the presentinvention, the detecting means is configured such that the change in thevolume of the measuring space means is caused by squeezing orcompressing an elastically deformable chamber means. Particularlyadvantageously, said chamber means can be realized by a tube portion.

It is possible to pass the tube portion in such a manner through thebuckle means that the tube portion is squeezed in accordance with therespiration-synchronously changing tensile loading of the belt means. Inresponse to said squeezing, the interior of the tube portion is changed.The resulting displacement of the air in the tube portion can bedetected by means of pressure measuring means or small volume flowsensors and used for generating the signals that are indicative of thetensile loading.

In accordance with a particularly preferable embodiment of the presentinvention, the buckle means is divided in two segments. These twosegments can be configured such that they alternatingly surround thetube portion and squeeze it under the influence of respective tensileforces acting on the individual segments.

It is possible to configure the walls which alternatingly surround thetube portion in such a manner with respect to their geometry that afavorable squeezing or relaxation of the tube portion is obtained underthe influence of said tensile forces.

The change in the volume which is caused by loading the measuring spacemeans in accordance with the present invention can advantageously betransferred via a measuring tube arrangement to a measuring means. Inthe area of this measuring means there is preferably apressure-sensitive structure which converts therespiration-synchronously changing pressure in the measuring tube intosuitable analog or digital signals.

Said measuring means can be configured such that a plurality ofmeasuring tube means can be coupled thereto for realizing acorresponding multi-channel recording.

The above detecting means for detecting respiration-synchronouslychanging tensile forces in a belt system being passed around the torsoregion of the person to be examined can be configured such thatparticularly relevant respiration-motor or respiration-mechanicproperties can be detected in an advantageous manner.

The present invention is further directed to a measuring arrangementwhich comprises a detecting means of the kind described above, whereinsaid measuring arrangement further comprises a measuring tube and ameasuring means which is coupled via said measuring tube with thedetecting means for recording the tensile force detection of the bandmeans caused by the detecting means.

This measuring arrangement allows a potential-free signal measurementfrom the patient, thereby avoiding electrically conducting structures.

This measuring means is advantageously configured such that its signalrecording capacity extends over a pressure signal range including alsoany pressure signals measured by nose glasses means.

The measuring arrangement can comprise a storage medium, in particularan exchangeable storage medium, e.g., in the form of a memory card or inparticular a USB flash stick. The measuring means preferably furthercomprises a receiving means for receiving a battery means for operatingthe measuring means independent from the network and/or in a wirelessmanner. The measuring means can be configured as an ambulant, compactmodule or recording means which can be carried by the patient andcomprises a housing means having a flat configuration.

The detecting means of the present invention cannot only be used fordiagnosing the respiratory behavior in a user, but it can also beintegrated in a respiratory system if required, wherein the measuringsignals generated by the detecting means can be taken into considerationin the further control of the respiratory gas supply. The detectingmeans of the present invention is particularly suitable for detectingthe sleep respiration of a person to be examined. However, the field ofapplication of said detecting means is not limited to the medical field.In particular, it can also be used in different applications formonitoring the respiratory motoricity, in particular for optimizingrespiration.

The band means can be configured as a disposable band means so that foreach patient to be examined a new band means can be used and coupled tothe buckle means. It is also possible to provide a tube-like disposableattachment or other hygiene cover, e.g., from a hygiene paper, by meansof which the above detecting means or at least its band and buckle meanscan be covered. It is possible to configure the detecting means, inparticular the buckle means, the band means and optionally also themeasuring tube as a disposable unit which can be disposed of after themeasurement.

It is possible to provide spring-type or other calibration possibilitieswhich guarantee, on the one hand, a sufficient pre-stressing of the beltplaced around the patient and, on the other hand, a sufficient abilityto widen the thus formed loop. It is possible to realize the bandmaterial intended for forming the belt in a relatively tension-proofmanner and to generate the required flexibility by structures, e.g.,spring or rubber mechanisms, provided in the region of the buckle means.However, it proves to be particularly advantageous to select the bandmaterial such that it has a sufficient elasticity and the buckle meansessentially only functions as a force measuring means.

Further details and features of the present invention can be taken fromthe following description in combination with the drawings in which

FIG. 1 is a principle view for explaining the structure of a preferredvariant of the detecting means of the present invention,

FIG. 2 is a sketch for explaining the load and the resulting change inthe volume of a tube portion,

FIG. 3 is a torso sketch showing the application of a detecting means ofthe present invention,

FIG. 4 is a further torso sketch illustrating a further way of guidingthe band, optionally for a plurality of measuring channels, for anextended examination of the respiratory activity,

FIG. 5 is a further torso sketch further illustrating a further way ofguiding the band for detecting the respiratory activity,

FIG. 6 is a simplified illustration for explaining a further variant ofa measuring transducer of the present invention,

FIG. 7 is a sketch for explaining a plug-in sensor variant of thedetecting means of the present invention,

FIG. 8 is a simplified illustration for explaining the structure of ameasuring means for converting the recording of therespiration-synchronously alternating pressure signals generated bymeans of the detecting means of the present invention.

The detecting means shown in FIG. 1 serves for detecting a signal thatis indicative of the activity of the respiratory muscles of a person tobe examined. Said detecting means comprises a band means 1 which—in theapplication position (cf. FIG. 3)—is passed around a torso region whichwidens upon inspiration of the person to be examined and narrowsaccordingly upon expiration. The band means includes a structure beingconfigured as a buckle means 2 and being loaded upon widening of thetorso region by the tensile forces Fa, Fb accordingly acting in the bandmeans 1. Said structure is configured such that it causes a change inthe volume of a measuring space means 3.

In the shown embodiment the structure is a buckle means 2, as alreadymentioned. The change in the volume of the measuring space means 3 iscaused by squeezing elastically deformable walls of the measuring spacemeans 3. In the shown embodiment, the elastically deformable walls forman elastic chamber means which as such is realized by a tube portion 4.The ends of the tube portion 4 are closed by an insert 5. The tubeportion 4 is surrounded by eyelet portions 6, 7 alternatingly belongingto a left segment 2 a and a right segment 2 b.

The shown mechanism allows a squeezing of the tube portion 4 inaccordance with the tensile forces Fa, Fb acting on the belt means 1. Bysqueezing the tube portions 4, the volume of the measuring space means 3formed by the tube portion 4 changes. Due to the change in the volume,the included air is displaced, in particular moved out. This airdisplacement can be detected in particular if the measuring tube 8 isclosed to a large extent by a measuring means which will be explained indetail below. It is possible to provide a bypass throttle bore 9 in themeasuring tube 8 or in particular in the plug or connector 5 or also inthe region of the measuring means. By means of this throttle bore it ispossible to realize a high-pass filter which guarantees that the averagepressure in the measuring tube means 8 corresponds for a long time tothe ambient pressure and no deviation takes place.

FIG. 2 is a sketch showing how the tube portion 4 of the measuring tube8 is loaded by the forces FA, FB coupled in via the segments 2 a, 2 b.Due to the shown loads, the tube portion 4 of the measuring tube 8deforms from the initial state having an inner cross-section A1 as shownin sketch S1 into the squeezed deformed state shown in sketch S2. Inthis deformed state the tube portion 4 has an inner cross-section A2being smaller than the inner cross-section A1 shown in sketch S1.

It is possible to configure the eyelets or squeezing structuressurrounding the tube portion 4 in such a manner as regards theirgeometry that they favor or at least do not considerably hinder thedeformation of the tube portion 4. To this end, the eyelet portionspreferably have an opening cross-section which is larger than the outercross-section of the measuring tube portion 4.

As shown in FIG. 3, the detecting means of the present invention isparticularly suitable for detecting the widening and narrowing of thetorso 10 of a person to be examined. The band means 1 is passed aroundthe torso 10. The band means 1 includes the structure which, in thepresent case, is configured as a buckle means 2. The tensile forcesacting on the band means 1 as the torso 10 widens are detected by thesqueezing of a measuring space means 3 caused by the buckle means 2 (cf.FIG. 1).

FIG. 4 shows a further way of guiding the band. On the basis of thetensile force measuring principle of the detecting means of the presentinvention it is possible to realize a multi-channel measuring system bymeans of which respiration-motor properties of the respiration of thepatent to be examined can be recorded in a multi-channel manner. Forexample, it is possible to detect, in addition to an elongation of thelower band means 1′, also an elongation or widening of the upper bandmeans 2 a, 2 b shown in FIG. 4.

FIG. 5 shows a further way of guiding the band. In accordance with thisvariant it is possible to detect, in addition to a widening of the upperportion of the torso 10 by the upper band means 1′, also movements ofthe respiration muscles in the area of the diaphragm by means of a bandmeans 1 c that is arranged further below and extends over the lower lungarea. In this variant, too, it is possible to additionally recordtensile forces in the band regions 2 a and 2 b in a multi-channel mannerby accordingly coupling them in a detecting means of the presentinvention.

FIG. 6 shows a further variant of a pneumatic measuring transducer ofthe present invention. In this variant, the respiration-synchronouslyalternating tensile forces Fa, Fb prevailing in the band means 1 cause achange in the volume of the measuring space means 3. In this embodiment,too, the measuring space means 3 is included in a bracket means 2comprising left and right bracket portions 2 a′, 2 b′. In thisembodiment, the measuring space means is also configured as anelastically deformable structure and comprises a portion which can beaccordingly widened in response to the tensile forces acting on the bandmeans 1. In this embodiment, this portion is realized as a corrugatedsheathing portion 20. A spring means 21, by means of which a specificpre-loading of the detecting means is achieved, is embedded in thecorrugated sheathing portion 20. It is possible to realize said springmeans 21 as part of a calibration system. Via a measuring tube means 8,the change in the pressure and/or volume in the area of the measuringspace means 3 can be detected via corresponding connection channels 22and supplied to a corresponding measuring means. Different from thesqueezing variant, in this mechanism the measuring chamber volume isincreased as the band widens (inspiration) and thus a measuring signalis obtained which is reversed relative to the measuring signal of thesqueezing variant.

FIG. 7 shows a variant of the measuring space means 3 which as suchcomprises an elastically deformable tube portion 4, similar to the abovedescription relating to FIG. 1. Deformation of this tube portion 4directly leads to pressure changes in the interior of the measuringspace means 3. Said pressure changes can be detected by a miniaturizedmeasuring transducer means 25 and transmitted to a detachably coupledstorage means 26, in the present case a USB flash stick. The shown meanscan comprise an energy storage means, e.g., in the form of a button cellbattery. It is also possible to realize the measuring transducer circuitsuch that the energy required for generating and recording signals isprovided directly by the pressure sensor.

FIG. 8 shows a measuring means provided for converting and recordingsignals generated by means of the detecting means described above. Saidmeasuring means 30 is configured as a multi-channel measuring means. Anend portion of the measuring tube 8 can be coupled (e.g. inserted into areceiving bore or put on a measuring connection) to said measuring means30. The pressure changes coupled in the measuring tube 8 during therespiration-synchronous squeezing of the tube portion 4 (cf. FIG. 1) canbe recorded by the shown measuring means and preferably stored indigital form.

The measuring means 30 is configured such that it can be activated by aswitch means 31. The pressure fluctuations passed by the measuring tube8 to the measuring means 30 can be recorded in accordance with differentrecording concepts which are preferably stored in the measuring means 30in a program-based manner. Recording can preferably take place in such amanner that the course of the individual breaths of the person to beexamined can be determined with a relatively high resolution(high-resolution raw data recording). It is possible to use the shownmeasuring means 30 in addition to the conventional recording of therespiration of the patient for diagnosis purposes also for furthercontrolling the respiration of the patient by pressure.

It is possible to configure the measuring means 30 such that it is alsopossible to record signals that are indicative of the nasal or oralrespiratory gas flow of a person to be examined. In the shown variant,the measuring means 30 comprises further connection portions 40, 41 viawhich also pressure signals can be coupled for the purpose of furtherrecording which can be measured, e.g., by a nose glasses means or otherdetecting means for detecting the respiratory gas flow from the patientto be examined.

In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, thedetecting means also comprises a measuring channel for generating arecording signal that is indicative of the oxygen saturation of theblood. To this end, the detecting means 30 can be configured such thatit can be connected to a light guide means 60 for introducing lightmeasured at the patient, e.g., in the area of the nose wings or theextremities, in particular fingers. The light guide can have a pluralityof conductors so that the light directed to the patient for the purposeof examination can be generated in the area of the measuring means andguided to the patient via the additional light guide, if required. Thereflected light measured at the patient can be returned via the secondlight guide. Tissue portions with good blood supply, in particularfinger tips, the area surrounding the ear and nasal areas, areparticularly suitable as measuring positions. The light guides can beattached to these portions by means of suitable application structures.It is possible to provide the light guides with a relatively smallcoupling head which can otherwise be fixed to the patient by means of anadhesive tape or any other adhesive bandage material.

In the shown measuring means it is possible to measure numerouspolysomnographic measuring parameters of a patient in a completelynon-electric manner and without use of electrically conductivestructures. It is possible to integrate the light guide means 60 in themeasuring tube 8 and/or manufacture the measuring tube 8 from a materialwhich is directly suitable as a light guide. The measuring means canalso comprise further recording systems and channels, in particular forECG, EEG or other body-electric potential signals.

1. A detecting means for detecting a signal that is indicative of theactivity of the respiratory muscles of a person to be examined, saiddetecting means comprising a band means which is passed around a torsoregion which widens and narrows in response to the respiration of aperson to be examined as well as a structure which is included in theband means and is loaded by said band means in accordance with thenarrowing and widening of the torso region, wherein said structure isconfigured such that it causes a change in the volume of a measuringspace means.
 2. The detecting means according to claim 1, characterizedin that the structure is configured as a buckle means.
 3. The detectingmeans according to claim 1, characterized in that the change in thevolume can be realized by squeezing an elastically deformable chambermeans.
 4. The detecting means according to claim 1, characterized inthat the elastic chamber means is realized by a tube portion.
 5. Thedetecting means according to claim 1, characterized in that said tubeportion is squeezed by the buckle means in accordance with the tensileloading of the belt means.
 6. The detecting means according claim 1,characterized in that the buckle means is divided into two segments, andthe two segments surround the tube portion for squeezing it depending onthe tensile force.
 7. The detecting means according to claim 1,characterized in that the walls surrounding the tube portion have such ageometry that deformation conditions are obtained which are favorable asregards the squeezing of the tube portion depending on the tensileforce.
 8. The detecting means according to claim 1, characterized inthat the detecting means forms part of a multi-channel measuring system.9. The detecting means according to claim 1, characterized in that achange in the volume depending on the tensile force is passed on to ameasuring means by means of a measuring tube arrangement.
 10. Thedetecting means according to claim 1, characterized in that themeasuring means comprises a signal recording means.
 11. A measuringarrangement comprising a detecting means according to claim 1, saidmeasuring arrangement further comprising a measuring tube and ameasuring means which is coupled to the detecting means by means of themeasuring tube for recording the tensile force measuring signalsmeasured by the detecting means.
 12. The measuring arrangement accordingto claim 11, characterized in that the measuring means is configuredsuch that its signal recording capacity extends over a pressure signalrange which also comprises the dynamic pressure signals that can bemeasured by means of a nose glasses means.